All about India-U.S. commerce: Infographics

U.S. President Donald Trump on Thursday (July 31, 2025) introduced a 25% tariff on Indian imports into the U.S., efficient August 1, following a 90-day pause in tariffs introduced in April. In a publish on the platform Truth Social, he known as India’s tariffs “too excessive” and stated that it had “strenuous and obnoxious non-monetary commerce obstacles.”

He additionally criticised India for its fossil gasoline commerce with Russia. Mr. Trump has been making an attempt to dealer a ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine to cease the three-year ongoing struggle between the 2 international locations, with no agency deal in sight but.

In this context, right here is an outline of the India-U.S. commerce.

How a lot does India export to and import from the U.S.?

In 2024-25, India’s exports to the U.S. had been valued over 86,000 million {dollars}, with imports being over 45,000 million {dollars}. In phrases of share, the U.S. made up round 20% of India’s exports and 6.3% of its imports.

India has all the time imported greater than it exported to the U.S. Exports to the U.S. fell sharply in January this yr and have continued to stay under ranges not seen after 2022. India exported in March this yr the bottom since April 2016.

What does India ship to the U.S.?

India’s main exports to the U.S. embrace telecom tools, drug formulations and biologicals, textiles, petroleum, iron and metal, pearl and valuable stones and extra.

However, there are variations within the share of every of those merchandise that India exports to the U.S. in comparison with whole exports of the product to all international locations. For occasion, India sends over 63% of all telecom exports to the U.S. For petroleum merchandise, that is 7%.

It is to be famous that the 25% tariff rule doesn’t embrace some merchandise like prescribed drugs, electronics and ICT items, and petroleum merchandise.

India-Russia commerce

One of Mr. Trump’s criticisms is India’s commerce with Russia within the space of vitality. As a part of its opposition to Russia’s actions in Ukraine, the European Union together with different Western international locations imposed sanctions on Russian items and people, and lower down on its imports of Russian vitality after 2022.

However, India elevated its imports of Russian vitality from round 2% of whole Russian exports to over 20% in response to cheaper costs of discounted Russian oil.

In a media briefing on Friday (August 1, 2025), the Ministry of External Affairs Spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal stated that choices relating to the sourcing of vitality had been “based mostly on the value at which oil is on the market within the worldwide market and relying on the worldwide scenario at the moment.”

Similarly, External Affairs Minister stated in 2023 that the nation needed to supply oil the place it was least expensive. He identified that European international locations are “diverting manufacturing out of the Middle East and elevating costs.”

Besides vitality imports, India’s imports of Russian army tools was one other of Mr. Trump’s complaints. In 2024, India imported round 40% of its army imports from Russia. Exports to India made up 34% of Russia’s whole exports.

According to SIPRI, Russia was the highest provider to India, adopted by France and Israel in 2024. However, Indian sources instructed Reuters that the nation was seeking to pivot away from Russian arms since Russia’s munitions had been depleted on account of its struggle with Ukraine. This additionally aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ‘Make in India’ programme to spice up home manufacturing.

On army procurement, Mr. Jaiswal stated sourcing was decided “solely by our nationwide safety imperatives and strategic assessments” on Friday.

(With inputs from Reuters)